📢 Solved MCQs & PYQs for Competitive Exams (UPSC, SSC, RPSC & More) – Part 3
Advanced Physics Questions with Detailed Solutions
"Practice high-level physics MCQs & PYQs for UPSC, SSC, RPSC & other competitive exams. Covers Nuclear Physics, Quantum Mechanics, and Applied Physics with solutions."
📌 Nuclear Physics – MCQs for Competitive Exams
Q1. In nuclear reactors, which material is commonly used as a neutron moderator?
(A) Graphite
(B) Uranium
(C) Plutonium
(D) Heavy Water
✅ Answer: (A) Graphite
📌 Explanation: A neutron moderator slows down neutrons to sustain the nuclear chain reaction. Graphite and Heavy Water are commonly used.
Q2. The process of nuclear fusion occurs in:
(A) The Sun and stars
(B) Nuclear power plants
(C) Thermonuclear bombs
(D) Both A & C
✅ Answer: (D) Both A & C
📌 Explanation: Nuclear fusion powers the Sun and stars and is used in hydrogen bombs (thermonuclear weapons).
Q3. The energy released in nuclear fission is primarily due to:
(A) Chemical reactions
(B) Conversion of mass into energy
(C) Breaking of nuclear bonds
(D) Movement of electrons
✅ Answer: (B) Conversion of mass into energy
📌 Formula: Einstein’s Equation: E = mc², where mass (m) converts into energy (E).
📌 Quantum Mechanics – Advanced MCQs
Q4. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that:
(A) Electrons move in definite orbits
(B) The position and momentum of a particle cannot be precisely measured simultaneously
(C) Energy and mass are interchangeable
(D) Atoms are indivisible
✅ Answer: (B) The position and momentum of a particle cannot be precisely measured simultaneously
📌 Explanation: Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states Δx × Δp ≥ h/4π, meaning we cannot simultaneously determine a particle’s exact position and momentum.
Q5. A quantum of light energy is called:
(A) Electron
(B) Proton
(C) Photon
(D) Neutrino
✅ Answer: (C) Photon
📌 Explanation: A photon is a particle of electromagnetic radiation with zero rest mass but carries energy E = hf.
Q6. In quantum mechanics, Schrödinger’s equation describes:
(A) The motion of planets
(B) The behavior of atomic particles
(C) The speed of light
(D) The properties of black holes
✅ Answer: (B) The behavior of atomic particles
📌 Explanation: Schrödinger’s wave equation predicts the probability of an electron’s position around a nucleus.
📌 Solid-State Physics – MCQs & PYQs
Q7. Superconductors are materials that exhibit:
(A) Zero electrical resistance below a certain temperature
(B) High resistance at all temperatures
(C) Infinite electrical resistance
(D) No magnetic properties
✅ Answer: (A) Zero electrical resistance below a certain temperature
📌 Explanation: Superconductors allow current to flow without resistance below a critical temperature (Tc).
Q8. The phenomenon where materials exhibit magnetism only in the presence of an external magnetic field is called:
(A) Ferromagnetism
(B) Diamagnetism
(C) Paramagnetism
(D) Superconductivity
✅ Answer: (C) Paramagnetism
📌 Explanation: Paramagnetic materials (e.g., aluminum, oxygen) exhibit magnetism only in an external magnetic field.
📌 Applied Physics – Competitive Exam MCQs
Q9. The principle of fiber optics is based on:
(A) Diffraction
(B) Reflection
(C) Total Internal Reflection
(D) Refraction
✅ Answer: (C) Total Internal Reflection
📌 Explanation: Fiber optics use total internal reflection (TIR) to transmit light over long distances.
Q10. The Doppler Effect is associated with:
(A) Change in frequency due to the motion of the source and observer
(B) Interference of waves
(C) Reflection of light
(D) Change in wave amplitude
✅ Answer: (A) Change in frequency due to the motion of the source and observer
📌 Explanation: Doppler Effect causes a frequency shift in waves when the source and observer move relative to each other.
📌 Electronics & Communication – PYQs & MCQs
Q11. The logic gate that outputs HIGH (1) only when all inputs are HIGH is:
(A) AND Gate
(B) OR Gate
(C) NOT Gate
(D) XOR Gate
✅ Answer: (A) AND Gate
📌 Explanation: The AND Gate follows A × B = Output where both A and B must be 1 for the output to be 1.
Q12. The frequency range of human hearing is:
(A) 10 Hz – 10 kHz
(B) 20 Hz – 20 kHz
(C) 50 Hz – 50 kHz
(D) 100 Hz – 100 kHz
✅ Answer: (B) 20 Hz – 20 kHz
📌 Explanation: The human ear detects 20 Hz to 20 kHz frequencies.
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📌 Conclusion – Master Physics for Competitive Exams!
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📢 Next Part Coming Soon – Numerical-Based Physics MCQs & Theoretical Questions! 🚀
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